Some « economic » terms
Attrition: a gradual, natural reduction in membership or personnel, as through retirement, death or resignation.انهاك
G N P: Gross National Product.
Headquarters: a centre of operation or administration (siége) الرئيسي المركز
Speculate: to engage in the buying or selling of a commodity with an element of risk on the chance of a profit. __ Speculator يضارب
Retail (n): the sale of goods in small quantities. Retailer الثقسيط
Franchising: selling or distributing a company’s goods or services in a certain area.
Supermarket: A large self-service store where you can buy goods.
Crisis: An unstable condition involving an impending, abrupt or decisive change.
Competitiveness: Rivalry between two or more businesses striving for the same customer or market. المنافسة
Trademark: TM, a name, symbol, or other device identifying a product officially registered and
legally restricted to the use of the owner or manufacturer. التجارية العلامة
Accounting: The bookkeeping methods involved in making a financial record of business transactions and in the preparation of the statements concerning the assets, liabilities and operating results of a business. المحاسبة
Bull: A person who buys commodities or securities in anticipation of a rise in prices or tries by speculative purchases to affect such rise. المضارب
Home trade Vs Foreign trade
Self-sufficiency: The act of providing for one self without the help of another country. اكتفاء
Balance of trade: The difference between the money paid out to import foreign goods and the money cashed in by exporting.
Deficit: When there is a trade gap or the balance is unfavourable.
Dole: The money distributed by the government to help the unemployed.
Old age pension: A sum of money paid regularly as a retirement benefit or by way of patronage.
Dumping: Placing (goods or stock) on a market in large quantities and at low price.
Automation: The condition of being automatically controlled or operated.
Inflation: A persistent increase in the level of consumer prices or a persistent decline in the purchasing power of money caused by an increase in the available currency and credit beyond the proportion of available goods and services.
Subsidy: Monetary assistance granted by a government to a person or a group in support of enterprise regarded as being in the public interest.
Fraud: A deception deliberately practised to secure unfair or unlawful gain.
Fine: A sum of money to be paid as a penalty for an offence.
Audit: To examine, verify, or correct the financial accounts
Auditor: A person who officially examine the accounts of an organisation.
Billboard: A panel for the display of advertisements in public places. Hoarding.
Expertise: Expert advice or opinion.
Globalisation: A geopolitical policy in which the entire world is regarded as a global village.
Marketing: The commercial functions involved in transferring goods from producer to consumer.
Clock in Vs Clock off: to register or record one’s presence at work and time of leaving.
Redundant: A worker who is laid off/dismissed because he is not needed at a particular post.
Mass redundancies: Collective dismissing of workers.
Fund: A sum of money set aside for a specific purpose.
Blue collars: Office clerks
White collars: Factory workers.
Manpower: Power in terms of the workers available to a particular group or required for a particular task.
Aptitude test: A standardized test designed to measure the ability of a person to develop skills
or acquire knowledge.
Strike: A cessation of work by employees in support of demand made on their employer, as for higher pay or improved conditions.
Raw material: An unprocessed natural product used in manufacture. E.g. Iron, copper, zinc; cobalt….
Customs: Duties or taxes imposed on imported or less commonly, exported goods; Tariff.
Common-market: Union f trade communities.
Cash-desk: Desk or counter (in a shop) where payments are made (by cash or cheque)
Reference: People who talk in favour of a product.
Slogan: A phrase used repeatedly in advertisement or promotion.
Sector: A part or division of a national economy.
Sector I = agriculture Sector II = industry Sector III= Trade
GATT: General Agreement on Trade and Tariff.
Assembly line: An arrangement of workers, machines, and equipment in which the product
being assembled passes consecutively from operation to operation until completed . Also called Production line
Catering: Providing food and entertainment for
Shareholder: One that holds a share or shares of stock, a stockholder also called shareowner
Share: Any of the equal parts into which the capital stock of a corporation or company is divided.
Finance: The management of money, banking and investments and credit.
Launch a product: To introduce to the public or the market.
Credit card: A plastic card having a magnetic strip, issued by a bank or business authorising
the holder to buy goods or services on credit.
Loan: Sum of money lent on interest.
Loan shark: One who lends money on exorbitant (very expensive) interest rates, especially one financed and supported by an organised crimes network.
Deposit (v): Put money into a bank account.
Mortgage (n): Loan to buy a property.
Withdraw (v): Take money from a bank account.
Invest (v): Commit (money or capital) in ode to gain a financial return.
Merger (n): Union of two or more interests or corporations.
Attrition: a gradual, natural reduction in membership or personnel, as through retirement, death or resignation.انهاك
G N P: Gross National Product.
Headquarters: a centre of operation or administration (siége) الرئيسي المركز
Speculate: to engage in the buying or selling of a commodity with an element of risk on the chance of a profit. __ Speculator يضارب
Retail (n): the sale of goods in small quantities. Retailer الثقسيط
Franchising: selling or distributing a company’s goods or services in a certain area.
Supermarket: A large self-service store where you can buy goods.
Crisis: An unstable condition involving an impending, abrupt or decisive change.
Competitiveness: Rivalry between two or more businesses striving for the same customer or market. المنافسة
Trademark: TM, a name, symbol, or other device identifying a product officially registered and
legally restricted to the use of the owner or manufacturer. التجارية العلامة
Accounting: The bookkeeping methods involved in making a financial record of business transactions and in the preparation of the statements concerning the assets, liabilities and operating results of a business. المحاسبة
Bull: A person who buys commodities or securities in anticipation of a rise in prices or tries by speculative purchases to affect such rise. المضارب
Home trade Vs Foreign trade
Self-sufficiency: The act of providing for one self without the help of another country. اكتفاء
Balance of trade: The difference between the money paid out to import foreign goods and the money cashed in by exporting.
Deficit: When there is a trade gap or the balance is unfavourable.
Dole: The money distributed by the government to help the unemployed.
Old age pension: A sum of money paid regularly as a retirement benefit or by way of patronage.
Dumping: Placing (goods or stock) on a market in large quantities and at low price.
Automation: The condition of being automatically controlled or operated.
Inflation: A persistent increase in the level of consumer prices or a persistent decline in the purchasing power of money caused by an increase in the available currency and credit beyond the proportion of available goods and services.
Subsidy: Monetary assistance granted by a government to a person or a group in support of enterprise regarded as being in the public interest.
Fraud: A deception deliberately practised to secure unfair or unlawful gain.
Fine: A sum of money to be paid as a penalty for an offence.
Audit: To examine, verify, or correct the financial accounts
Auditor: A person who officially examine the accounts of an organisation.
Billboard: A panel for the display of advertisements in public places. Hoarding.
Expertise: Expert advice or opinion.
Globalisation: A geopolitical policy in which the entire world is regarded as a global village.
Marketing: The commercial functions involved in transferring goods from producer to consumer.
Clock in Vs Clock off: to register or record one’s presence at work and time of leaving.
Redundant: A worker who is laid off/dismissed because he is not needed at a particular post.
Mass redundancies: Collective dismissing of workers.
Fund: A sum of money set aside for a specific purpose.
Blue collars: Office clerks
White collars: Factory workers.
Manpower: Power in terms of the workers available to a particular group or required for a particular task.
Aptitude test: A standardized test designed to measure the ability of a person to develop skills
or acquire knowledge.
Strike: A cessation of work by employees in support of demand made on their employer, as for higher pay or improved conditions.
Raw material: An unprocessed natural product used in manufacture. E.g. Iron, copper, zinc; cobalt….
Customs: Duties or taxes imposed on imported or less commonly, exported goods; Tariff.
Common-market: Union f trade communities.
Cash-desk: Desk or counter (in a shop) where payments are made (by cash or cheque)
Reference: People who talk in favour of a product.
Slogan: A phrase used repeatedly in advertisement or promotion.
Sector: A part or division of a national economy.
Sector I = agriculture Sector II = industry Sector III= Trade
GATT: General Agreement on Trade and Tariff.
Assembly line: An arrangement of workers, machines, and equipment in which the product
being assembled passes consecutively from operation to operation until completed . Also called Production line
Catering: Providing food and entertainment for
Shareholder: One that holds a share or shares of stock, a stockholder also called shareowner
Share: Any of the equal parts into which the capital stock of a corporation or company is divided.
Finance: The management of money, banking and investments and credit.
Launch a product: To introduce to the public or the market.
Credit card: A plastic card having a magnetic strip, issued by a bank or business authorising
the holder to buy goods or services on credit.
Loan: Sum of money lent on interest.
Loan shark: One who lends money on exorbitant (very expensive) interest rates, especially one financed and supported by an organised crimes network.
Deposit (v): Put money into a bank account.
Mortgage (n): Loan to buy a property.
Withdraw (v): Take money from a bank account.
Invest (v): Commit (money or capital) in ode to gain a financial return.
Merger (n): Union of two or more interests or corporations.